The Silent Thief of Sight

Glaucoma is more than an eye disease- it’s one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide, yet most people don’t even realize they have it. Often called the “silent thief of sight,” glaucoma develops gradually over time. By the time vision loss is detected, it may be irreversible. Early detection through regular eye exams is crucial in preventing permanent blindness.

In this article, we’ll explore how to test for glaucoma, common glaucoma symptoms, risk factors, and available glaucoma treatments to help you take control of your eye health.

What Is Glaucoma?

Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that cause damage to the optic nerve, the part of the eye responsible for transmitting visual information to the brain. This damage is often caused by increased intraocular pressure (IOP), which results from fluid buildup in the eye. If left untreated, glaucoma can lead to permanent blindness.

How Is Glaucoma Detected?

The most effective way to detect this eye disease is through comprehensive eye exams. If you’re wondering how to test for glaucoma, these are the most common methods:

• Tonometry: Measures intraocular pressure using a gentle puff of air or a device that touches the eye.
• Ophthalmoscopy: Examines the optic nerve for signs of damage.
• Perimetry (Visual Field Test): Determines if peripheral vision loss has occurred.
• Gonioscopy: Assesses the drainage angle of the eye to diagnose open-angle or angle-closure glaucoma.
• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Uses imaging technology to detect early nerve fiber loss.

Since early detection is key, eye exams should be done every 1-2 years, especially for individuals at higher risk.

What Are the Symptoms of Glaucoma?

In the early stages, glaucoma often has no symptoms, which is why many people do not realize they have it until significant vision loss occurs. However, as the disease progresses, the following glaucoma symptoms may appear:

• Gradual loss of peripheral (side) vision
• Blurred vision
• Eye pain or pressure
• Halos around lights
• Sudden vision loss (in acute cases)

Angle-closure glaucoma, which develops suddenly, has more noticeable symptoms, including:

• Severe eye pain
• Nausea and vomiting
• Sudden decrease in vision
• Redness in the eye

If you experience any of these symptoms, seek immediate medical attention, as untreated glaucoma can lead to permanent blindness.

Common Risk Factors

Certain factors can increase your risk of developing glaucoma, making regular eye exams even more essential:

• Age: Risk increases after age 40.
• Family history: Having a parent or sibling with glaucoma increases your risk.
• Ethnicity: African Americans, Hispanics, and Asians are at a higher risk.
• High eye pressure: Increased intraocular pressure is a major risk factor.
• Diabetes: People with diabetes have a higher likelihood of developing glaucoma.
• Long-term steroid use: Prolonged use of steroid medications can raise eye pressure.
• Previous eye injuries: Trauma to the eye can lead to glaucoma later in life.

Being aware of these risk factors allows individuals to take proactive steps, such as regular eye screenings, to prevent vision loss.

Glaucoma Treatment

While this eye disease has no cure, several treatments can slow its progression and prevent blindness.

• Medications (Eye Drops & Pills) are the most common first-line treatment. They lower eye pressure by reducing fluid production or increasing drainage.
• Laser therapy (Trabeculoplasty, Iridotomy, Cyclophotocoagulation) helps fluid drain more efficiently. This is often used when medications are not sufficient.
• Surgery (Trabeculectomy, Drainage Implants, Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery – MIGS) creates new drainage pathways to lower eye pressure. Surgery is typically used for severe or advanced cases.

Don’t Let Glaucoma Steal Your Sight!

Glaucoma is a serious but preventable cause of blindness. Because it often has no early symptoms, many people don’t realize they have it until vision loss occurs. By understanding how to test for glaucoma, recognizing glaucoma symptoms, and exploring available glaucoma treatments, you can take steps to safeguard your eyesight.

Don’t put off scheduling your eye exam– early detection is the best defense against this silent thief of sight!

Need vision insurance? 

AMAC is proud to offer vision insurance through VSP (Ameritas) and United Healthcare. Individual and family plans are available with the option to bundle with dental coverage through AMAC’s exclusive Liberty Dental plan.

For help with Medicare plans – or any questions you may have about Medicare – contact AMAC’s Medicare Advisory Service at 1-855-611-4856 or request a quote here.